For heavily populated areas in jordan, the cassinisoldner pal projection is still in use, while desert areas and some cities use jtm projection. Cassini soldner projection supported map projection. It is the transverse aspect of the equirectangular projection, in that the globe is first rotated so the central meridian becomes the equator, and then the normal. It is occasionally called cassinisoldner since the latter provided the more accurate mathematical analysis that led to the development of the ellipsoidal formulae. Mrt is the coordinate system used for mapping peninsular malaysia based on the old. For heavily populated areas in jordan, the cassini soldner pal projection is still in use, while desert areas and some cities use jtm projection. Perak revised cassini grid perak revised cassini grid. Introduction 7 1 basic geodesy geodesy is the branch of science concerned with the determination of the size and shape of the earth.
Because there is no limit to the number of possible map projections, there can be no comprehensive list. The cassini soldner projection is the ellipsoidal version of the cassini projection for the sphere. The horizon determines the valid area of use for a map projection. A simple solution for georeferencing the cassini map. It is the transverse aspect of the equirectangular projection, in that the globe is first rotated so the central meridian becomes the equator, and then the normal equirectangular projection is applied. Cassiniproperties of maps documentation arcgis pro resources. Maps in the cassini soldner projection cover 17% of jordan and maps in the jtm projection cover the rest of the country. The coordinates were recorded in old survey maps using cassinisoldner projection, with clarke 1858 datum. Cassinisoldner projection in kenya the origin of the coordinate system in this projection is the intersection between the equatorand the odd meridians. A map projection, formerly used for topographic and cadastral mapping, in which scale is preserved along the central meridian and great circle arcs by plotting as rectangular coordinates on a plane the lengths of arcs along a central meridian and. Introduction in the past all surveys in kenya were based on cassini solder projection, but the current trend is to change over to the universal transverse mercator utm.
Pada choose projection, pilih category malaysian projections. Convert cassinisoldner projection coordinates from kenya to utm. New zealand map grid projection neys modified lambert conformal conic projection oblique mercator projection orthographic projection polar stereographic projection. Transverse mercator often is preferred due to the difficulty in measuring scale and direction on cassinisoldner. Pdf comparative analysis of jordan transverse mercator. The coordinates translator which you can discover here allows the conversion from british modified system coordinates, for example lz1vx962494, towards more conventional geographical coordinates latitudelongitude quite easy to use in digital atlases, as for the mapquest web site. Cassini projection article about cassini projection by. Therefore, the projection is also known as cassini soldner. A map projection is the systematic transformation of locations on the earth. Polyhedral maps can be folded up into a polyhedral approximation to the sphere, using particular projection to map each face with low distortion. The saturn system reached northern summer solstice on may 24, 2017, and when cassini took this image on june 9, 2017, most of the surface in the moons northern high latitudes was illuminated by the sun, unlike earlier in the mission. Polynomial transformation of cassini coordinates to utm.
The cassini projection is a transverse cylindrical map projection that maintains scale along the central meridian and all lines parallel to it, and is neither equalarea nor conformal. Untuk memastikan projection bagi cassini soldner malaysia ada di dalam mapinfo, pergi ke mapoptions. The map of cassini or map of the academy is the first topographic and geometric map established of the kingdom of france as a whole. This is a summary of map projections that have articles of their own on wikipedia or that are otherwise notable. It is not conformal but as it is relatively simple to construct it was extensively used in the last century and is still useful for. Pdf a simple solution for georeferencing the cassini map series of. The map itself is an argument presented rather than a reality. It is not conformal but as it is relatively simple to construct it was extensively used in the last century and is still useful for mapping areas with limited longitudinal extent. An evaluation of the cadastral system in kenya and a strategy for its modernization by gordon okumu wayumba a thesis submitted in fulfillment for the award of the degree of doctor of philosophy in the university of nairobi, school of engineering, department of geospatial and space technology august, 20. Normally used for largescale maps of areas predominantly northsouth in extent. Polynomial transformation of cassini coordinates to utm coordinates on the excel spreadsheet t. The extent values for an area of use are in decimal degrees based on wgs 1984. Map projection methods are described in section 3 below. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
As one looks at the cassini projection map, it helps us question the true idea of a map and where certain countries are located, and the importance of their location. Over the years, the rectified skew orthomorphic rso and cassini soldner cassini map projection systems have been used for national mapping and cadastral purposes, respectively, based on these two local datums. The mathematic formulas used for the conversions are the lambert conic near conformal latitude longitude and cassinisoldner latitude. It is best suited for large scale mapping of areas predominantly northsouth in extent and areas near the central meridian, however the transverse mercator projection is often preferred because of the. The grove charts were based on the cassinisoldner projection also. Map projection daerah jasin negeri melaka tanpa skala state cassini n,e gdm2000 map projection formulae new transformation procedure. The name cassini soldner is mostly used for the form of cassini used in topographic mapping. Cassini soldner projection supported map projection methods. Comparative analysis of jordan transverse mercator jtm. I want to insert these data inside qgis in order to compare data with aerial images. Since the earth is roughly the shape of an oblate spheroid, map projections are necessary for creating maps of the earth or parts of the earth that are represented on a plane such as a piece of paper or a computer screen. Convert cassinisoldner projection coordinates from kenya. Although the earth is best represented by a spheroid, the earth is sometimes treated as a sphere to make mathematical calculations easier.
The map shown above detaches itself from traditional cartography. I have a shapefile in a cassini soldner reference system centered in monte mario italian cadastre map. How to convert the coordinate in cassini grid system currently the standard use by jupem to mapsource system i presumed wgs84. Content management system cms task management project portfolio management time tracking pdf. Therefore, the projection is also known as cassinisoldner. Maps in cassinisoldner projection cover 17% of jordan and maps in jtm projection cover the rest of the country, figure 1. Cassini transverse cylindrical equidistant map projection centered on greenwich is shown. A map projection is a geometric function that transforms the earths curved, ellipsoidal surface onto a flat, 2dimensional plane. Comparative analysis of jordan transverse mercator jtm and. The coordinates were recorded in old survey maps using cassini soldner projection, with clarke 1858 datum. Maps in the cassinisoldner projection cover 17% of jordan and maps in the jtm projection cover the rest of the country. Beyond that range, data projected to cassinisoldner may not project back to the same position. Usually displayed upended, the image here was rotated by 90 counterclockwise. More accurate equations for an ellipsoid of revolution were developed later by johann g.
The name cassinisoldner refers to the more accurate ellipsoidal version, developed in the 19th century and used in this software. Maps in cassini soldner projection cover 17% of jordan and maps in jtm projection cover the rest of the country, figure 1. Its looks different and feels unnatural, contrasting greatly from a conventional map. Actual size of the projection minus the black or white background. How to convert cassini grid system to mapsource wgs84. Geodesy in mike zero map projection and datum conversion. Pdf comparative analysis of jordan transverse mercator jtm. For example, based on the theory developed by hotine 1947, the directorate of colonial surveys in teddington, england, prepared. Cassini projection cylindrical equal area projection eckert iv projection eckert vi projection equidistant cylindrical projection gnomonic projection lambert conformal conic 1 parallel projection lambert conformal conic 2 parallel projection mercator projection miller cylindrical projection mollweide projection new zealand map grid projection. Other coordinate conversions, transformations and point motion operations are described in section 4. This study is devoted to compare cass with jtm in jordan. Dec 11, 2017 cassini soldner projection in kenya the origin of the coordinate system in this projection is the intersection between the equatorand the odd meridians. Aug 12, 2010 where is cassini soldner coordinate system.
When importing the file i have to select the reference system, but im not sure how to proceed. A map projection is the systematic transformation of locations on the earth latitudelongitude to planar coordinates the basis for this transformation is the geographic coordinate system which references a datum map projections are designed for specific purposes. Cassinisoldner is analogous to the equirectangular projection in the same way transverse mercator is to the mercator projection. Coordinate conversion software, map projections coordinate calculator, perform gps coordinate conversions between different geodetic datums and map projections. The name cassinisoldner refers to the more accurate ellipsoidal version, developed in the 19th century and used in this. How to convert cassini grid system to mapsource wgs84 my. The odd meridians serve as the central meridian for each 2degree belt which extends 1degree east and 1degree west. Cassini obtained the view at about 315,000 miles 507,000. Di situ terdapat senarai cassini soldner bagi setiap negeri. The name cassinisoldner is mostly used for the form of cassini used in topographic mapping. Cassini projection article about cassini projection by the. It is occasionally called cassinisoldner since the latter provided the more accurate mathematical analysis that.
Large scale topographic and statistical mapping, cadastral and engineering survey. Pdf the cassini map series of the 18th century france was georeferred by. The cassini soldner projection was used in the earliest surveys in kenya and the grid units are in feet. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Gdm2000 cassini geocentric based cadastral control database cadastral network adjustment based on geocentric datum iii topographical mapping the existing map projection used for topographical mapping in.
Supported map projections include transverse mercator, oblique mercator, mercator, gauss kruger, universal transverse mercator, oblique stereographic, polar stereographic, albers equal area, cassini. It was compiled by the cassini family, mainly cesarfrancois cassini cassini iii and his son jeandominique cassini cassini iv in the 18th century. The cassinisoldner projection is the ellipsoidal version of the cassini projection for the sphere. Map projections and coordinate systems supported map projections cassinisoldner.
Geomatics guidance note 7, part 2 coordinate conversions. In 1891, the cassinisoldner projection was replaced by the polyhedric projection. For the discussed maps, the base surface is a sphere, however we shall choose the cassinisoldner option with a spherical datum. Some numerical values have been rounded for display. Its imprecision, evaluated on the basis of a series of gauged points, varies from 5 to 30 arcseconds, depending on the map projection used this corresponds to and imprecision varying from 150 to meters on the field.
1513 594 287 423 1467 1273 614 1579 1421 514 1383 1539 349 536 290 425 235 524 1263 1276 1420 871 1462 271 1301 694 183 969 60 912 729 892 348 545 1406 805 424 959 798 1353 756 182 492